CODING FOR DISEASE: GENES AND CANCER (2013)

CODING FOR DISEASE: GENES AND CANCER (2013)

Author: Marc Lacroix (InTextoResearch, Baelen, Wallonia, Belgium)

Nova Sciences Publishers

ISBN: 978-1-62257-817-7    

https://www.novapublishers.com/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=41346

(also available as e-book - ISBN: 978-1-62618-780-1)

https://www.novapublishers.com/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=41658

Amazon.com: http://www.amazon.com/Coding-Disease-Cancer-Marc-Lacroix/dp/1622578171

Book Description:

Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled cell division and the potential of the cells to invade surrounding tissues and spread around the body. Most of these changes in cellular behavior are the result of alterations in the function or levels of the proteins that control these processes. And these alterations are, in turn, usually caused by modifications at the DNA level. Indeed, cancer is now recognized as being essentially a disease caused by mutation, or dysregulated expression, of genes. Of the estimated 30,000 genes in the human genome, currently more than 250 are known to play an important role in the development of cancer, either sporadic or familial. In some cases, their effects result from gene fusion, due to translocation for instance, or from amplification of a chromosomal region. During the last years, attention has largely shifted from the identification of rare high-risk genetic mutations to a hunt for lower risk gene polymorphisms, many of which are likely to be common within the population. Another increasingly investigated field is epigenetics, which relates to abnormal and prolonged changes in the mechanisms that alter gene expression and activity, without involving changes in genetic sequence.

Table of Contents:

Preface

Chapter 1: A Detailed List of Major Cancer Genes

Chapter 2: Gene Fusions in Cancer

Chapter 3: Gene Amplification in Cancer

Chapter 4: Low Penetrance Sites in Cancer: Candidate Genes

Chapter 5: Familial Cancer Syndromes

Chapter 6: Epigenetics and Cancer

The Author:

Born in 1963, Marc Lacroix has been working on breast cancer in several academic institutions and at InTextoResearch, an agency devoted to scientific information on cancer. He authored four books: “Tumor Suppressor Genes in Breast Cancer” (2008), “Molecular Therapy of Breast Cancer: Classicism meets Modernity” (2009), “MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer” (2010) and “A Concise History of Breast Cancer” (2011 & 2013)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc_Lacroix_(biochemist)

Index:

Chapter 1

ABL1 (v-abl Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1)

AKT1 (RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase)

AKT2 (v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 2)

ALK (Anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase)

APC (Adenomatous polyposis coli)

ARID1A (AT rich interactive domain 1A)

ARID1B (AT rich interactive domain 1B)

ARID2 (AT rich interactive domain 2)

ASXL1 (Additional sex combs like 1)

ATM (Ataxia telangiectasia mutated)

BAP1 (BRCA1 associated protein-1)

BLM (Bloom syndrome, RecQ helicase-like)

BMPR1A (Bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type IA)

BRAF (v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1)

BRCA1 (Breast cancer 1, early onset)

BRCA2 (Breast cancer 2, early onset)

BRIP1 (BRCA1 interacting protein C-terminal helicase 1)

BUB1B (Budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 1 homolog beta)

CASP8 (Caspase 8, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase)

CBFB (Core-binding factor, beta subunit)

CBL (Cas-Br-M (murine) ecotropic retroviral transforming sequence)

CDH1 (Cadherin 1, type 1, E-cadherin)

CDK4 (Cyclin-dependent kinase 4)

CDKN1B (Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B)

CDKN2A (Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A)

CEBPA (CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), alpha)

CHEK2 (CHK2 checkpoint homolog)

CTNNB1 (Catenin (cadherin-associated protein), beta 1, 88kDa)

CYLD (Cylindromatosis)

DDB2 (also known as XPE) (Damage-specific DNA binding protein 2)

DNMT3A (DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 3 alpha)

EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor)

ERBB2 (v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2, neuro/glioblastoma derived oncogene homolog)

ERCC2 (also known as XPD) (Excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair deficiency, complementation group 2)

ERCC3 (also known as XPB) (Excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair deficiency, complementation group 3)

ERCC4 (also known as XPF) (Excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair deficiency, complementation group 4)

ERCC5 (also known as XPG) (Excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair deficiency, complementation group 5)

EXT1 (Exostosin-1)

EXT2 (Exostosin-2)

EZH2 (Enhancer of zeste homolog 2)

FAM123B (Family with sequence similarity 123B)

Fanconi Anemia pathway

FANCA (Fanconi anemia, complementation group A)

FANCB (Fanconi anemia, complementation group B)

FANCC (Fanconi anemia, complementation group C)

FANCD1 (also known as BRCA2) (Fanconi anemia, complementation group D1)

FANCD2 (Fanconi anemia, complementation group D2)

FANCE (Fanconi anemia, complementation group E)

FANCF (Fanconi anemia, complementation group F)

FANCG (Fanconi anemia, complementation group G)

FANCI (Fanconi anemia, complementation group I)

FANCJ (also known as BRIP1) (Fanconi anemia, complementation group J)

FANCL (Fanconi anemia, complementation group L)

FANCM (Fanconi anemia, complementation group M)

FBXW7 (F-box and WD repeat domain containing 7)

FGFR3 (Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3)

FH (Fumarate hydratase )

FLCN (Folliculin)

FLT3 (Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3)

FOXL2 (Forkhead box L2)

GATA1 (GATA binding protein 1)

GATA3 (GATA binding protein 3)

GNAQ (Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), q polypeptide)

GNAS (GNAS complex locus)

HNF1A (HNF1 homeobox A)

HRAS (v-Ha-ras Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog)

IDH1 (Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1)

IDH2 (Isocitrate dehydrogenase 2)

JAK2 (Janus kinase 2)

KIT (v-kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma viral oncogene homolog)

KLF6 (Kruppel-like factor 6)

KRAS (v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog)

MAP2K4 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4)

MAP3K1 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase)

MAP3K13 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 13)

MEN1 (Multiple endocrine neoplasia I)

MLH1 (MutL homolog 1, colon cancer, nonpolyposis type 2)

MSH2 (MutS homolog 2, colon cancer, nonpolyposis type 1)

MSH6 (MutS homolog 6)

MPL (Myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene)

MUTYH (MutY homolog)

MYC (v-myc myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog)

NCOR1 (Nuclear receptor corepressor 1)

NF1 (Neurofibromin 1) & NF2 (Neurofibromin 2)

NOTCH1 (Notch 1)

NPM1 (Nucleophosmin 1)

NRAS (Neuroblastoma RAS viral (v-ras) oncogene homolog)

NTRK3 (Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 3)

PALB2 (also known as FANCN) (Fanconi anemia, complementation group N)

PBRM1 (Polybromo 1)

PDGFRA (Platelet-derived growth factor receptor, alpha polypeptide)

PHOX2B (Paired-like homeobox 2b)

PIK3CA (Phosphoinositide-3-kinase, catalytic, alpha polypeptide)

PMS1 (PMS1 postmeiotic segregation increased 1)

PMS2 (PMS2 postmeiotic segregation increased 2)

POLH (also known as XPV) (Polymerase (DNA directed), eta)

Polycomb group (PcG) proteins

PPP2R1A (protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit A, α)

PRKAR1A (Protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, regulatory, type I, α)

PTCH1 (Patched 1)

PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog)

PTPN11 (Protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 11)

RAD51C (RAD51 homolog C)

RAD51C (also known as FANCO) (Fanconi anemia, complementation group O)

RB1 (Retinoblastoma 1)

RECQL4 (RecQ protein-like 4)

RET (Ret proto-oncogene)

RUNX1 (Runt-related transcription factor 1)

SDHA (Succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit A, flavoprotein variant)

SDHAF2 (Succinate dehydrogenase complex assembly factor 2)

SDHB (Succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit B, iron sulfur)

SDHC (Succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit C, integral membrane protein, 15kDa)

SDHD (Succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit D, integral membrane protein)

SETD2 (SET domain containing 2)

SF3B1  (Splicing factor 3b, subunit 1, 155kDa)

SMAD4 (SMAD family member 4)

SMO (Smoothened homolog)

SOCS1 (Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1)

STK11 (Serine/threonine kinase 11)

SUFU (Suppressor of fused homolog)

SWI/SNF complex components

SMARCA4 (SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a, member 4)

SMARCB1 (SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily b, member 1) are the most frequently mutated.

TBX3 (T-box 3)

TET2 (Tet (ten-eleven-translocation) oncogene family member 2)

TMEM127 (Transmembrane protein 127)

TNFAIP3 (Tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 3)

TP53 (Tumor protein p53)

TSC1 (Tuberous sclerosis 1) & TSC2 (Tuberous sclerosis 2)

TSHR (Thyroid stimulating hormone receptor)

XPA (Xeroderma pigmentosum, complementation group A)

XPC (Xeroderma pigmentosum, complementation group C)

WRN (Werner syndrome, RecQ helicase-like)

WT1 (Wilms tumor 1)

Chapter 2

Balanced translocations and gene fusions

Deletions and gene fusions

Dicentric aberrations and gene fusions

Insertions and gene fusions

Inversions and gene fusions

Non-reciprocal translocations and gene fusions

Ring chromosome and gene fusions

Chapter 3

AKT2 (V-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 2)

AR (Androgen receptor)

ARPC1A (Actin related protein 2/3 complex, subunit 1A, 41kDa)

AURKA (Aurora kinase A)

BCL2L2 (BCL2-like 2)

CACNA1E (Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, R type, alpha 1E subunit)

CCND1 (Cyclin D1)

CCNE1 (Cyclin E1)

CDK4 (Cyclin-dependent kinase 4)

CDK6 (Cyclin-dependent kinase 6)

CHD1L (Chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 1-like)

CKS1B (CDC28 protein kinase regulatory subunit 1B)

DCUN1D1 (DCN1, defective in cullin neddylation 1, domain containing 1)

DYRK2 (Dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase 2)

E2F3  (E2F transcription factor 3)

EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor)

EIF5A2 (Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A2)

ERBB2 (V-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2, neuro/glioblastoma derived oncogene homolog)

FADD (Fas (TNFRSF6)-associated via death domain)

FGFR1 (Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1)

GATA6 (GATA binding protein 6)

GPC5 (Glypican 5)

GRB7 (Growth factor receptor-bound protein 7)

JUN (Jun proto-oncogene)

KIT (V-kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma viral oncogene homolog)

MAP3K5 (Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5)

MDM2 (Mdm2, p53 E3 ubiquitin protein ligase homolog)

MDM4 (Mdm4 p53 binding protein homolog)

MED29 (Mediator complex subunit 29)

MET (Met proto-oncogene)

MITF (Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor)

MTDH (Metadherin)

MYC (V-myc myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog)

MYCL1 (V-myc myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog 1, lung carcinoma derived)

MYCN (V-myc myelocytomatosis viral related oncogene, neuroblastoma derived)

NCOA3 (Nuclear receptor coactivator 3)

NKX2-1 (NK2 homeobox 1)

NKX2-8 (NK2 homeobox 8)

PAK1 (P21 protein (Cdc42/Rac)-activated kinase 1)

PAX9 (Paired box 9)

PIK3CA (Phosphoinositide-3-kinase alpha polypeptide)

PPM1D (Protein phosphatase, Mg2+/Mn2+ dependent, 1D)

PRKCI            (Protein kinase C, iota)

RAB25 (RAB25, member RAS oncogene family)

REL (V-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog)

RPS6KB1 (Ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 70kDa, polypeptide 1)

SKP2 (S-phase kinase-associated protein 2, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase)

SMURF1 (SMAD specific E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1)

STARD3 (StAR-related lipid transfer (START) domain containing 3)

TSPAN31 (Tetraspanin 31)

WHSC1L1 (Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 1-like 1)

YWHAB (Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, beta polypeptide)           

YWHAQ (Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, theta polypeptide)

YWHAZ (Tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein, zeta polypeptide)

ZNF217 (Zinc finger protein 217)

ZNF639 (Zinc finger protein 639)

Chapter 4

GWAS in bladder cancer

GWAS in breast cancer (BC)

GWAS in colorectal cancer (CRC)

GWAS in lung cancer (LC)

GWAS in cancer types other than bladder, breast, colorectal, esophageal, lung, prostate, and upper aerodigestive

GWAS in prostate cancer (PC)

GWAS in upper aerodigestive and esophageal cancers

Chapter 5

Ataxia Telangiectasia

Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome

Beckwith–Wiedemann Syndrome

Birt–Hogg–Dubé Syndrome

Bloom Syndrome

Carney Complex, Types I and II

Cowden Syndrome

Dyskeratosis Congenita

Familial Adenomatous Polyposis

Familial platelet disorder with predisposition to acute myelogenous leukemia

Fanconi Anemia

Hereditary Breast/Ovarian Cancer

Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer

Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Cancer

Hereditary Multiple Exostosis

Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colon Cancer

Hereditary Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma

Hereditary paraganglioma-pheochromocytoma syndrome

Li–Fraumeni Syndrome, including Li-Fraumeni-Like Syndrome

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2A, 2B

MYH-Associated Polyposis

Neurofibromatosis Type 1

Neurofibromatosis Type 2

Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome

Peutz–Jeghers Syndrome

Polyposis, Familial Juvenile

Retinoblastoma, Hereditary

Rhabdoid Tumor Predisposition Syndrome

Rothmund–Thomson Syndrome

Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond Syndrome

Simpson–Golabi–Behmel Syndrome

Tuberous Sclerosis Complex

Variegated Aneuploidy, Mosaic

Von Hippel–Lindau Syndrome

Werner Syndrome

Wilms Tumor, Familial

Xeroderma Pigmentosum

Chapter 6

Cancer mutations in histone genes

Chromatin remodelers

DNA Hydroxy-Methylation and Its Oxidation Derivatives

DNA Methylation:

Histone acetylation

Histone acetylation readers

Histone demethylation

Histone desacetylation

Histone methylation

Histone methylation readers

Histone modifications

Histone phosphorylation

Noncoding RNAs

            

Press Review (August 3, 2013) – Revue de presse (3 août 2013)

How do we talk about cancer?

Knowing whether to say 'how are you?' or mention 'bravery' is one problem, another is our society in which death is a taboo.

By Mike Marqusee. In The Guardian

http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/jul/31/cancer-how-talk-about-it

Research hope for bladder cancer.

Bladder cancer is a common condition – an estimated 10,000 people are diagnosed with the disease each year in the UK. It is the seventh most common cancer in the UK, affecting men more than women..

In MedicalXpress                                              

http://medicalxpress.com/news/2013-07-bladder-cancer.html

Almost all UK men with testicular cancer now survive

With 96% living at least another 10 years, curing the disease is 'almost a reality', says Cancer Research chief.

In The Guardian                                                 

http://www.theguardian.com/society/2013/jul/29/almost-all-uk-testicular-cancer-survive

Scientists discover a molecular 'switch' in cancers of the testis and ovary

Research could lead to new drugs to turn 'switch' off.

In EurekAlert (press release)                            

http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-08/uoc-sda073113.php

How to get healthy after the cancer treatments are done

Researchers believe the protein could help improve immunotherapy treatments.

By Christie Aschwanden. In Washington Post

http://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/how-to-get-healthy-after-the-cancer-treatments-are-done/2013/07/29/55d073d8-f0a9-11e2-9008-61e94a7ea20d_story.html

Cancer : une stratégie pour affamer les tumeurs

Les cellules tumorales, qui se divisent rapidement, ont de gros besoins en nutriments et peinent à les trouver. Une équipe britannique vient de découvrir comment elles s'adaptent à ce stress nutritionnel permanent. Ce mécanisme, bâti autour de la protéine EEF2K, pourrait devenir la cible de traitements qui feraient mourir de faim les cellules cancéreuses.

Par Agnès Roux. Dans Futura Sciences

http://www.futura-sciences.com/magazines/sante/infos/actu/d/cancer-cancer-strategie-affamer-tumeurs-47872/

Des cancers du poumon liés à la pollution atmosphérique

Le cancer du fumeur pourrait aussi être lié à la pollution atmosphérique. Bien que le tabac reste le principal facteur de risque de cancer du poumon, une vaste étude vient de montrer que les microparticules retrouvées dans l’air ambiant étaient fortement associées au développement de tumeurs pulmonaires.

Par Janlou Chaput. Dans Futura Sciences

http://www.futura-sciences.com/magazines/sante/infos/actu/d/cancer-cancers-poumon-lies-pollution-atmospherique-47683/

Anticancer molecules (109) – Molécules anticancéreuses (109) – OMACETAXINE MEPESUCCINATE

OMACETAXINE MEPESUCCINATE

Name: Omacetaxine mepesuccinate

Commercial name: Synribo

Pharmacological class: alkaloids

Therapeutic class: antineoplastic

Action: omacetaxine mepesuccinate is a semisynthetic formulation of the cytotoxic plant alkaloid homoharringtonine isolated from the evergreen tree Cephalotaxus with potential antineoplastic activity. Omacetaxine mepesuccinate binds to the 80S ribosome in eukaryotic cells and inhibits protein synthesis by interfering with chain elongation. This agent also induces differentiation and apoptosis in some cancer cell types.

In 2012, omacetaxine mepesuccinate is approved:

● for the treatment of adult patients with chronic- or accelerated-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with resistance and/or intolerance to two or more tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).

***

Nom: Omacetaxine mepesuccinate

Nom commercial: Synribo

Classe pharmacologique: alkaloïdes

Classe thérapeutique: antinéoplasiques

Action: l’omacétaxine mepesuccinate est une formulation semi-synthétique de l'alcaloïde végétal cytotoxique homoharringtonine ayant une activité antinéoplasique potentielle. L’omacétaxine mepesuccinate se lie aux ribosomes 80S dans les cellules eucaryotes et inhibe la synthèse protéique en interférant avec allongement de la chaîne protéique. Cet agent provoque également la différenciation et l'apoptose dans certains types de cellules cancéreuses.

.

En 2012, l’omacétaxine mepesuccinate est approuvée:

● pour le traitement des patients adultes atteints ou en phase accélérée de leucémie myéloïde chronique (LMC) et présentant une résistance et / ou une intolérance à deux ou plusieurs inhibiteurs de tyrosine kinase.

Press Review (July 27, 2013) – Revue de presse (27 juillet 2013)

Black-White Divide Persists in Breast Cancer

Breast cancer survival is, over all, three years shorter for black women compared with white women, mostly because their cancer is often more advanced when they first seek medical care, new research shows.

By Tara Parker-Pope. In New York Times (blog)

http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/07/23/black-white-divide-persists-in-breast-cancer/?_r=0

Smart Knife Sniffs Out Cancer Cells.

When surgeons can't determine the edges of a tumor, it's a problem. Cut too much, and they risk hurting the patient. Cut too little, and they may leave stray cancer cells behind. Now, researchers have developed a surgical knife that can sniff the smoke made as it cuts tissue, almost instantly detecting whether cells are cancerous or healthy.

By Jocelyn Kaiser. In Science AAAS                

http://news.sciencemag.org/2013/07/smart-knife-sniffs-out-cancer-cells

The impact of p53 in predicting clinical outcome of breast cancer patients with visceral metastasis

In the study, we analyzed role of p53 in predicting outcome in visceral metastasis breast cancer (VMBC) patients. 97 consecutive VMBC patients were studied. P53 positivity rate was 29.9%. In the p53-negative group, median disease free survival (DFS), and time from primary breast cancer diagnosis to death (OS1), time from metastases to death (OS2) were 25, 42.5, and 13.5 months, respectively. In the p53-positive group, they were 10, 22, and 8 months, respectively. Statistically significant differences in DFS and OS1 were detected between the p53-negative and p53-positive subtypes. However, p53 appears to have no influence on OS2. In Cox regression analysis, p53 expression and TNM stage were predictive factors of DFS. In the multivariate analysis, p53 expression and the duration of DFS correlated with OS1, but not for OS2. Taken together, our data indicate p53 showing predicting role in OS1 for VMBC, but not for OS2.

By P. Yang,                                                C. W. Du,          M. Kwan,        S. X. Liang     & G. J. Zhang. In Nature                                                                           

http://www.nature.com/srep/2013/130722/srep02246/full/srep02246.html

Nano Scientists Reach Holy Grail in Label-Free Cancer Marker Detection: Single Molecules

Just months after setting a record for detecting the smallest single virus in solution, researchers at the Polytechnic Institute of New York University (NYU-Poly) have announced a new breakthrough: They used a nano-enhanced version of their patented microcavity biosensor to detect a single cancer marker protein, which is one-sixth the size of the smallest virus, and even smaller molecules below the mass of all known markers.

In Science Daily (press release)                       

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/07/130724134303.htm

Protein Linked to Cancer Growth May Lead to Cure

Researchers believe the protein could help improve immunotherapy treatments.

By Allie Bidwell. In U.S. News & World Report

http://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2013/07/23/protein-linked-to-cancer-growth-may-lead-to-cure

Cancer : une stratégie pour affamer les tumeurs

Les cellules tumorales, qui se divisent rapidement, ont de gros besoins en nutriments et peinent à les trouver. Une équipe britannique vient de découvrir comment elles s'adaptent à ce stress nutritionnel permanent. Ce mécanisme, bâti autour de la protéine EEF2K, pourrait devenir la cible de traitements qui feraient mourir de faim les cellules cancéreuses.

Par Agnès Roux. Dans Futura Sciences

http://www.futura-sciences.com/magazines/sante/infos/actu/d/cancer-cancer-strategie-affamer-tumeurs-47872/

Des cancers du poumon liés à la pollution atmosphérique

Le cancer du fumeur pourrait aussi être lié à la pollution atmosphérique. Bien que le tabac reste le principal facteur de risque de cancer du poumon, une vaste étude vient de montrer que les microparticules retrouvées dans l’air ambiant étaient fortement associées au développement de tumeurs pulmonaires.

Par Janlou Chaput. Dans Futura Sciences

http://www.futura-sciences.com/magazines/sante/infos/actu/d/cancer-cancers-poumon-lies-pollution-atmospherique-47683/

LIST OF TUMOR MORPHOLOGIES (PART 14) - LISTE DE MORPHOLOGIES TUMORALES (PARTIE 14)

LIST OF TUMOR MORPHOLOGIES:

Tumor types are classified according to the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O), 3rd Edition, World Health Organization, Geneva, 2000. The ICD-O-3 is a dual classification and coding system for both morphology and topography of a neoplasm.

The MORPHOLOGY code (Mxxxx/x) indicates the specific histologic term.

The TOPOGRAPHY code (C00-C80) is occasionally mentioned here.

Abbreviation: NOS, not otherwise specified

LISTE DE MORPHOLOGIES TUMORALES

Les types de tumeurs sont classés en fonction de la « Classification Internationale des Maladies pour l'Oncologie (CIM-O), 3e édition, Organisation mondiale de la Santé, Genève, 2000. La CIM-O-3 est un système de classification et de codage pour la morphologie et la topographie d'une tumeur.

Le code de MORPHOLOGIE (Mxxxx/x) indique le terme spécifique histologique.

Le code de TOPOGRAPHIE (C00-C80) est occasionnellement mentionné ici.

Abréviation: SAI, sans autre indication

M880 Tumeurs des tissus mous et sarcomes SAI

M880	SARCOMA, NOS	SARCOME, SAI
M8800/0	Soft tissue tumor, benign
	Tumeur bénigne des tissus mous
M8800/3	Sarcoma, NOS
	Sarcome, SAI
M8801/3	Spindle cell sarcoma
	Sarcome à cellules fusiformes
M8802/3	Giant cell sarcoma (except of bone M-9250/3)
	Sarcome à cellules géantes (sauf de l'os M9250/3)
M8803/3	Small cell sarcoma
	Sarcome à petites cellules
M8804/3	Epithelioid sarcoma
	Sarcome à cellules épithélioïdes
M8805/3	Undifferentiated sarcoma
	Sarcome indifférencié
M8806/3	Desmoplastic small round cell tumor
	Tumeur desmoplastique à petites cellules rondes

M881-M883 Néoplasmes fibromateux

M881	FIBROMATOUS NEOPLASMS	NÉOPLASMES FIBROMATEUX
M8810/0	Fibroma, NOS
	Fibrome SAI
M8810/3	Fibrosarcoma, NOS
	Fibrosarcome SAI
M8811/3	Fibromyxosarcoma
	Fibromyxosarcome
M8812/3	Periosteal fibrosarcoma		C40._, C41._
	Fibrosarcome périosté
M8813/3	Fascial fibrosarcoma
	Fibrosarcome des fascias
M8814/3	Infantile fibrosarcoma
	Fibrosarcome infantile
M8815/0	Solitary fibrous tumor
	Tumeur fibreuse solitaire
M8815/3	Solitary fibrous tumor, malignant
	Tumeur fibreuse solitaire, maligne

M883	FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA, MALIGNANT	HISTIOCYTOME FIBREUX, MALIN
M8830/3	Malignant fibrous histiocytoma
	Histocytome fibreux malin
M8832/3	Dermatofibrosarcoma, NOS		C44._
	Dermatofibrosarcome, SAI
M8833/3	Pigmented dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans
	Dermatofibrosarcome pigmenté

M884 Néoplasmes myxomateux

M884	MYXOSARCOMA	MYXOSARCOME
M8840/3	Myxosarcoma
	Myxosarcome