ABSTRACT: Since the late
1990s, infectious agents have been thought to play a role in the pathogenesis
of approximately 15% of cancers. It is now widely accepted that infection of
stomach tissue with the bacteria Helicobacter pylori is an important cause of
stomach adenocarcinoma. In addition, oncogenic viruses, such as papilloma
viruses, herpes viruses, and hepadnaviruses are strongly associated with
increased risk of cervical cancer, lymphomas, liver cancer, amongst others.
However, in the scientific community the percentage of cancers caused by
pathogens is believed to be far higher than 15%. A significant volume of data
collected to date show an association between infectious agents and urogenital
cancers. These agents include Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoea,
Mycoplasma genitalium and certain viruses that have been implicated in ovarian
cancer. Other pathogens include the hepatitis C and Epstein-Barr viruses, which
are potentially involved in kidney cancer. In addition, infections with
Schistosoma haematobium, the human papillomavirus, and human polyomaviruses are
strongly associated with an increased risk of urinary bladder cancer. This
article reviews publications available to date on the role of infectious agents
in urogenital cancers. A greater understanding of the role of such agents could
aid the identification of novel methods of urogenital cancer treatment.
Source: The
role of infectious agents in urogenital cancers. Alibek K, Karatayeva N (nkaratayeva@nu.edu.kz), Bekniyazov I.
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