lundi 31 octobre 2011

Mutated genes in cancer (27) – GATA1




GATA1

In databases:

● Entrez (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/gquery): 2623 or GATA1
● Ensembl (http://www.ensembl.org/index.html): ENSG00000102145
● UniProt (http://www.uniprot.org/): P15976
● GeneCards (http://www.genecards.org/): GATA1
● HGNC (http://www.genenames.org/): 4170 or GATA1

Gene locus:

Xp11.23

Protein name:

GATA binding protein 1 (globin transcription factor 1)

Protein Size:

413 amino acids; about 43 kDa

Function:

The gene encodes a protein which belongs to the GATA family of transcription factors. GATA1 is essential for erythroid and megakaryocytic development. It helps transcribe the α-spectrin structural protein which is critical for the shape of red blood cells.

Cancer-related alterations:

Somatic mutations are seen in hematopoietic and lymphoid tissue tumors. They alter the first 80 amino acids of the protein.

Acquired somatic mutations in GATA1 occur in virtually all children with Down Syndrome (DS) and congenital transient myeloproliferative syndrome (TMD) or acute megakaryocytic leukemia (AMKL). The mutations have also been detected in umbilical cord blood of DS patients and in fetal liver of aborted DS embryos. The mutations occur in-utero probably during fetal liver hematopoiesis. They consist of insertions, deletions and base substitution in exon 2 and vicinity and all result in elimination of the full length GATA1 protein with preservation of the GATA1s isoform.

References (open access):

GATA Transcription Factors and Cancer. Zheng R, Blobel GA. Genes Cancer. 2010 Dec;1(12):1178-88.

GATA-1 directly regulates p21 gene expression during erythroid differentiation. Papetti M, Wontakal SN, Stopka T, Skoultchi AI. Cell Cycle. 2010 May 15;9(10):1972-80.

Mutational spectrum at GATA1 provides insights into mutagenesis and leukemogenesis in Down syndrome. Cabelof DC, Patel HV, Chen Q, van Remmen H, Matherly LH, Ge Y, Taub JW. Blood. 2009 Sep 24;114(13):2753-63.


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