mercredi 7 mars 2012

Mutated genes in cancer (56) – HNF1A




HNF1A

In databases:

● Entrez (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/gquery): 6927 or HNF1A
● Ensembl (http://www.ensembl.org/index.html): ENSG00000135100
● UniProt (http://www.uniprot.org/): P20823
● GeneCards (http://www.genecards.org/): HNF1A
● HGNC (http://www.genenames.org/: 11621 or HNF1A

Gene locus:

12q24.2

Protein name:

HNF1 homeobox A

Protein Size:

631 amino acids; about 67 kDa

Function:

HNF1A encodes a transcriptional activator that regulates the tissue specific expression of multiple genes, especially in pancreatic islet cells and in liver. The encoded protein functions as a homodimer and binds to the inverted palindrome 5'-GTTAATNATTAAC-3'.

Cancer-related alterations:

Defects in HNF1A are a cause of hepatic adenomas familial (HEPAF). Hepatic adenomas are rare benign liver tumors of presumable epithelial origin that develop in an otherwise normal liver. Hepatic adenomas may be single or multiple. They consist of sheets of well-differentiated hepatocytes that contain fat and glycogen and can produce bile. Bile ducts or portal areas are absent. Kupffer cells, if present, are reduced in number and are non-functional. Conditions associated with adenomas are insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and glycogen storage diseases (types 1 and 3).

Somatic HNF1A mutations (deletions, insertions, substitutions…) have been observed in liver (about 20% of cases), large intestine, endometrium and breast tumors. Mutation distribution is variable, with, however, amino acids 291 and 292 as hot spots for deletions and insertions, respectively.
References (open access):


Genotype phenotype classification of hepatocellular adenoma. Bioulac-Sage P, Blanc JF, Rebouissou S, Balabaud C, Zucman-Rossi J. World J Gastroenterol. 2007 May 21;13(19):2649-54.

Spectrum of HNF1A somatic mutations in hepatocellular adenoma differs from that in patients with MODY3 and suggests genotoxic damage. Jeannot E, Mellottee L, Bioulac-Sage P, Balabaud C, Scoazec JY, Tran Van Nhieu J, Bacq Y, Michalak S, Buob D; Groupe d'étude Génétique des Tumeurs Hépatiques (INSERM Network), Laurent-Puig P, Rusyn I, Zucman-Rossi J. Diabetes. 2010 Jul;59(7):1836-44.

HNF1alpha inactivation promotes lipogenesis in human hepatocellular adenoma independently of SREBP-1 and carbohydrate-response element-binding protein (ChREBP) activation. Rebouissou S, Imbeaud S, Balabaud C, Boulanger V, Bertrand-Michel J, Tercé F, Auffray C, Bioulac-Sage P, Zucman-Rossi J. J Biol Chem. 2007 May 11;282(19):14437-46.


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